Flame-arresters are fittings designed to prevent the spread of explosion in other parts of plant. They must be installed especially when an explosive gas-air mixture may form and an explosion can propagate in containers or plant parts that are not designed explosion pressure. These facilities should be kept to a manageable level in event of explosion the effect (flame arrester).
Because of its complexity, is where most progress has been made thanks to advances in measurement and can be described various models. The first to publish a scientific study of blaze and its structure was Michael Faraday in 1908 with The Chemical History Of Candle in which a few simple experiments identified three areas in blaze:
Internal Zone: molten wax candle vaporizes around the wick, creating an area where all you need is fuel gas which can not combust. In this area it is also called cold zone or dark area because it no light is emitted. Intermediate zone: At the edge of inner zone fuel begins to mix with the surrounding oxygen allowing combustion. Is the region in which the temperature is high so that emits light.
External zone: It dominates the surrounding oxygen, so that the free radicals formed in areas of higher temperatures are combined with oxygen oxidation or completing escaping as soot. More recent studies have allowed to observe that diffusion blaze have parts in which resembles combustion premix blaze in areas that have better oxygen supply in lower area and in outermost layer, simple observation and common characteristics such as low light and bluish color.
The elements that constitute the blaze-arrester must be durable enough since their rupture could result in formation of openings large enough to let pass a blaze, negating the function. An example of application of blaze-arresters is the Davy lamp used in mines; in this case the function of fire-arrester is carried out by a dense wire mesh surrounding the lamp, preventing fire from spreading to outside of that network. In home, sometimes you place a wire mesh (called "fire arrestor plate") above the kitchen stove: this wire mesh acts as a blaze-arrester. On the same principle underlying the operation of spark arrester of fireplaces.
Type testing according to ATEX Directive 94/9 / EC and EN ISO 16852 are valid for a maximum operating pressure of 1.1 bar (absolute) and a maximum operating temperature of 60 degrees C. The gap width of tape backup is determined by the used explosive substance; the determining factor is the explosion group.
The detonation safety extinguish the flames in pipes after a gas explosion and prevent the spread. A stable detonation forms in a pipeline from a ratio D / L of greater than 1: 200 from. In case of D / L ratios from 1:50 to 1: 200, unstable detonations form, which should be avoided for the installation of detonation arresters as possible. Is characterized by a detonation fire speeds in supersonic range (about 1600 to 2000 m / s). The blaze spread through a detonation in more distant parts of plant can be prevented by detonation flame-arresters.
In this process more heat than in previous case, so that blaze temperature increases and the color changes from yellow to blue is released. The domestic gas (methane, propane, butane) used for cooking is usually premixed with air to make the blaze is blue (this is to ensure complete combustion of gas introduced into burners). In laboratory is used when working with glass, torch oxygen / methane for scientific glass blowing. Its blaze is hot enough to melt quartz (the melting point of quartz is about 1,600 degrees C). In industry for higher temperature fire cutting and welding metals are needed.
Because of its complexity, is where most progress has been made thanks to advances in measurement and can be described various models. The first to publish a scientific study of blaze and its structure was Michael Faraday in 1908 with The Chemical History Of Candle in which a few simple experiments identified three areas in blaze:
Internal Zone: molten wax candle vaporizes around the wick, creating an area where all you need is fuel gas which can not combust. In this area it is also called cold zone or dark area because it no light is emitted. Intermediate zone: At the edge of inner zone fuel begins to mix with the surrounding oxygen allowing combustion. Is the region in which the temperature is high so that emits light.
External zone: It dominates the surrounding oxygen, so that the free radicals formed in areas of higher temperatures are combined with oxygen oxidation or completing escaping as soot. More recent studies have allowed to observe that diffusion blaze have parts in which resembles combustion premix blaze in areas that have better oxygen supply in lower area and in outermost layer, simple observation and common characteristics such as low light and bluish color.
The elements that constitute the blaze-arrester must be durable enough since their rupture could result in formation of openings large enough to let pass a blaze, negating the function. An example of application of blaze-arresters is the Davy lamp used in mines; in this case the function of fire-arrester is carried out by a dense wire mesh surrounding the lamp, preventing fire from spreading to outside of that network. In home, sometimes you place a wire mesh (called "fire arrestor plate") above the kitchen stove: this wire mesh acts as a blaze-arrester. On the same principle underlying the operation of spark arrester of fireplaces.
Type testing according to ATEX Directive 94/9 / EC and EN ISO 16852 are valid for a maximum operating pressure of 1.1 bar (absolute) and a maximum operating temperature of 60 degrees C. The gap width of tape backup is determined by the used explosive substance; the determining factor is the explosion group.
The detonation safety extinguish the flames in pipes after a gas explosion and prevent the spread. A stable detonation forms in a pipeline from a ratio D / L of greater than 1: 200 from. In case of D / L ratios from 1:50 to 1: 200, unstable detonations form, which should be avoided for the installation of detonation arresters as possible. Is characterized by a detonation fire speeds in supersonic range (about 1600 to 2000 m / s). The blaze spread through a detonation in more distant parts of plant can be prevented by detonation flame-arresters.
In this process more heat than in previous case, so that blaze temperature increases and the color changes from yellow to blue is released. The domestic gas (methane, propane, butane) used for cooking is usually premixed with air to make the blaze is blue (this is to ensure complete combustion of gas introduced into burners). In laboratory is used when working with glass, torch oxygen / methane for scientific glass blowing. Its blaze is hot enough to melt quartz (the melting point of quartz is about 1,600 degrees C). In industry for higher temperature fire cutting and welding metals are needed.
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